Control of Emissions From Nonroad Spark-Ignition Engines and Equipment

We are setting emission standards for new nonroad spark- ignition engines that will substantially reduce emissions from these engines. The exhaust emission standards apply starting in 2010 for new marine spark-ignition engines, including first-time EPA standards for sterndrive and inboard engines. The exhaust emission standards apply starting in 2011 and 2012 for different sizes of new land-based, spark- ignition engines at or below 19 kilowatts (kW). These small engines are used primarily in lawn and garden applications. We are also adopting evaporative emission standards for vessels and equipment using any of these engines. In addition, we are making other minor amendments to our regulations. We estimate that by 2030, this rule will result in significantly reduced pollutant emissions from regulated engine and equipment sources, including estimated annual nationwide reductions of 604,000 tons of volatile organic hydrocarbon emissions, 132,200 tons of NO<INF>X</INF> emissions, and 5,500 tons of directly-emitted particulate matter (PM<INF>2.5</INF>) emissions. These reductions correspond to significant reductions in the formation of ground-level ozone. We also expect to see annual reductions of 1,461,000 tons of carbon monoxide emissions, with the greatest reductions in areas where there have been problems with individual exposures. The requirements in this rule will substantially benefit public health and welfare and the environment. We estimate that by 2030, on an annual basis, these emission reductions will prevent 230 PM-related premature deaths, between 77 and 350 ozone-related premature deaths, approximately 1,700 hospitalizations and emergency room visits, 23,000 work days lost, 180,000 lost school days, 590,000 acute respiratory symptoms, and other quantifiable benefits every year. The total annual benefits of this rule in 2030 are estimated to be between $1.8 billion and $4.4 billion, assuming a 3% discount rate. The total annual benefits of this rule in 2030 are estimated to be between $1.6 billion and $4.3 billion, assuming a 7% discount rate. Estimated costs in 2030 are many times less at approximately $190 million.