National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories; National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from Petroleum RefineriesCatalytic Cracking (Fluid and Other) Units, Catalytic Reforming Units, and Sulfur Plant Units

This action proposes national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) from process vents associated with certain new and existing affected sources at petroleum refineries. Hazardous air pollutants (HAP) that would be reduced by this proposed rule include organics (acetaldehyde, benzene, formaldehyde, hexane, phenol, dioxins, furans, toluene, and xylene) and reduced sulfur compounds (carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide); inorganics (hydrogen chloride, chlorine); and particulate metals (antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, manganese, and nickel). The health effects of exposure to these HAP can include cancer, respiratory irritation, and damage to the nervous system. The standards are proposed under the authority of section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (the Act) as amended and are based on the Administrator's determination that petroleum refinery catalytic cracking units (CCU), catalytic reforming units (CRU), and sulfur plant units (SRU) may reasonably be anticipated to emit one or more of the HAP listed in section 112(b) of the Act from the various process vents found within these petroleum refinery process units. The proposed NESHAP would protect the public health and environment by requiring all petroleum refineries that are major sources to meet emission standards reflecting application of the maximum available control technology (MACT).