Action by the United States in the Investigation Under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 of Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation

Memorandum of July 15, 2026 Action by the United States in the Investigation Under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 of Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation Memorandum for the United States Trade Representative At my specific direction, on July 15, 2025, the United States Trade Representative (Trade Representative) initiated an investigation under section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended ( 19 U.S.C. 2411 ) (section 301), into Brazil's acts, policies, and practices related to digital trade and electronic payment services; unfair, preferential tariffs; anti-corruption enforcement; intellectual property protection; ethanol market access; and illegal deforestation. On June 1, 2026, the Trade Representative determined that certain of Brazil's acts, policies, and practices in these issue areas are unreasonable or discriminatory and burden or restrict United States commerce and thus are actionable under section 301(b)(1) ( 19 U.S.C. 2411(b)(1) ). The Trade Representative has further advised me that he has continued to consult with the Government of Brazil to obtain the elimination of these acts, policies, and practices, but those consultations have not satisfactorily resolved United States concerns. As a result of his determination, the Trade Representative proposed to determine that action is appropriate, including applying tariffs of 25 percent on all goods of Brazil, with exemptions for certain goods. The Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) invited comments by interested persons on this proposed action and convened a public hearing on July 6 and 7, 2026. USTR received over 360 written comments, and 77 witnesses testified at the hearing. The Trade Representative has informed me of the substance of significant comments on the proposed action a…